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The earliest co-operatives were set-up among the weavers, in other words workers in cottage industries, who were the first and the hardest hit by the development of the mercantile economy and the industrial revolution.

Though co-operation and mutual enterprise has been an essence of human-society ever since it evolved, the real co-operative movement can be credited to the Rochdale Pioneers who established a co-operative consumer store in North England. This store can be called as the first in the co-operative consumer movement.

So the weavers, in order to gain access to the market in the tools of their trade or to the market in foodstuffs set up the first co-operative in Scotland (Fenwick, 1761; Govan, 1777; Darvel, 1840 ), in France (Lyons, 1835 ), in England (Rochdale, 1844 ) and in Germany ( Chemnitz, 1845 ).